Rug and method of manufacture.



S. KROSS.

RUG AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-24.1915.

1,191,847. Patented July 18, 1916.

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UNITED STATES A ENT oFEIcE.

sA uEL KROSS, or

MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF'SEVENTYY-FIVE oun- TnoUsAnDrHsfro'Lop sFRY, or NA'T HE'Z, MISSISSIPPI.

RUG AND METHOD OLE MANUFACTURE.

Speeification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 18, 19 16.

- Applicationfiledhugust24;1915. se ia no. 4 7,103.

To all whom it m cry concern:

Be it known that I SAM EL Knoss a c1t1- 7 7 zen of "the United States,residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of Tennessee,have invented certain new and useful Improvements n Bugs .and the.Method of Manufacture; and I do hereby such manner that each individualtuft isv attached directly to a or a plurality of warp threads byintegral knot embracing such threads preventing thereby the thread ofthe tuft from being pulled out.

WVith these and other objects in View the invention consists in certainnovel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts aswill be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is an enlarged view of a tufting loop and theknot by which it is knotted to the warp thread. Fig. 2 is a perspectiveview showing a few warp threads crossed by weft thre ads, and the mannerof starting the tufting yarn. Figs. 3 to 11 inclusive are diagrammaticviews showing the progressive steps of forming the loop and knot. Figfl2is a view in side elevation of two of the loops withthe looping barspositioned therein. Fig. 13 is a perspective View of a number of theknots located upon their warp threads with a number of weft threads inposition to hold the knots and form thefabrid Fig. 14} is a view inelevation of two of loops severed to form a velvet pile. 15 is a. viewof a battery of the looping fingers seen in edge elevation. Fig. 16 is aView ofone of the looping fingers in side elevation.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughoutthe seyeral views.

' the knotted tufts.

It is well known that in forming a pile or tufted fabric it is customaryto insert the piling or tufting thread upwardly through the fabric,either through the completed fab'ric'orthrough the fabric as it'is beingwoven, and'that in the latter case the tuf ting is sometimes insertedthrough twisted' pairs pf warp -threads or other' means are employedforretaining the loops of the tuftsin position While the weft threadsare coincidentally being woven into place. I

In the present'inventi on the process in: eludes the forming of thetufts while the fabric being Woven, and the tufts are formed upon andabout the Warp threads, the weft threads being coincidentally woven intoplace for the purpose of retaining the knots and forming the fabric asabove described. The present invention is adapted to be usedwith anyform of loom embodying means for holding the warp threads, a

harness and a beater. None of the loom ine'ehanisnfis shown thedrawings,as it forms no part of the method of producing Asshown in the drawings,the warp'threads 20'are to be understood as passing from the beam'through the harness the reed all in substantially"the usual and ordinarymanner. "Also weft tl re adsf21 are woven into the warp threadssubstantially the usual and ordinary Ii 'nanner as the'warp threads aremoved by "the harness.

' 'To's'ta'rt'the present fabric, a plurality of the weft thread'sQlaifeWoven into the warp threadsasshown at Fig. Q'and the tufting yarn 22 iswovenin simply to hold the ends. Each'ofthe tufting threads 22B threadedthrough the ey 23' of'the loopers 24, one of which provided each of thetufting threads, such loopers'being secured together as slidwn'at F 1,6,or formed or, CTZOD IIQQtQCl IH ZIliy approved manner. The

battery'o'f loepe'rs each'iwith its accompanying' thread is'locatedbelow the Warp, and is moved upwardly in any approved manner in timedrelation to'the action of the balance'of the parts. The normal positionof the loopers'zet'isshown at Figs'2 and 3, the

tuft ing threads 22 comingfrom any conv V le l" b fiei. a d'pr fcra y tou not necessar ly passing through the harness, but

of course not through the eye of the harness so that it is not affectedby the movement of the harness.

The first upward movement of the loopers 24: as shown at Fig. 4:, movesthe tufting thread 22 upwardly between two of the warp threads to formthe loop 25. Coincidentally with the movement of the loopers ea upwardlythe fingers 26 descend. The

fingers 26 are made up substantially the.

same as the .loopers 21, with eyes 27 in their lower extremities. Theupward movement of the loopers 2% and the downward move ment of thefingers 2G is such that the lower extremities of the fingers 26 comebetween the loop 25, as shown at Fig. 4:. While in this position a rod28 is inserted through the eye 27 and through the loop 25, whichprevents the loop 25 from following the loopers 24 as it descends to theposition shown at Fig. 6, once more below the line of the fabric andbelow the warp threads 20. While in this position below the warp threadsthe loopers are shogg'ed laterally to the position shown in dotted linesat Fig. 7, the fingers being simultaneously shogged so that the loop 25now stands "inclined to the vertical. WVhile in this inclined positionthe loopers are again inserted upwardly between the warp threads, butthis time passed through adjacent openings or between other pairs ofwarp threads so that a loop 29 is formed about one or more of the warpthreads.

The upward movement of the looper 2 1 through the loop 25 forms a loop30 inserted through the loop 25 as shown at Fig. 8. In this position,with the loop 30 above the warp and inserted through the loop 25, thetufting bar 31 is inserted through the row of loops 30 as shown at Fig.9. After the tufting bar 31 is inserted through the loops 30 the rod 28is withdrawn from the loop 25, and the looper 24L is drawn downwardlythrough the warp. At this point tension is applied to the tufting yarnin any wellknown manner so that the descent of the looper 2 1 serves todraw the tufting yarn 22 over the tufting bar 31 to draw the loop 25, asshown successively at Figs. 10 and 11, into the form of a knot aroundthe base of the loop 30 as shown at Figs. 12, 13 and 1 1.

In this position the loopers 24; and fingers 26 are shogged back tooriginal position, and meantime any desired number of weft threads arewoven into the warp so that the next loop is started embracing not onlythe warp threads but also the weft threads as shown at Figs. 12 and 14:.

It will be perfectly apparent that the tufting bar 31 being formed withthe usual and ordinary groove 32 along its upper edge is employed as inthe usual and ordinary manner to slide a knife along such groove to slitthe upper end of the loops as shown at Fig. 14. Even after the loop isslitted the two threads which formerly constituted the loop are securelytied to one or more of the warp threads, and adjacent tufts areconnected by loops embracing the weft threads.

Throughout the specification mention has been made of forming the knotabout one or more of the warp threads. It is to be understood, ofcourse, that any number of warp threads may be run through a single reedand be operated upon as a single warp thread. The tufting yarn has alsobeen referred to in the singular, but it is obvious that any number ofthreads may be combined to take the place of the single tufting threadshown in the drawings.

By the practice of the aforesaid method a rug is produced, each tuft ofwhich is tied to a warp thread by a knot formed upon the upper side ofthe warp thread and interwoven with the weft thread so that it becomesimpossible for any one of the tufting threads to pull out.

I claim 1. The method of forming a rug consisting in employing adjacentwarp threads, inserting a loop of tufting thread upwardly upon one sideof a warp thread and retaining it in such elevated position, passing aloop of the same warp thread upwardly upon the opposite side of the warpand inserting it through the first-mentioned loop to form a second loop,retaining the last-mentioned loop in elevated position and releasing thefirstmentioned loop, and drawing the first-menpioned loop taut about thesecond-mentioned 2. The method of forming a rug consisting in employinga plurality of parallel warp threads, inserting a loop of tufting threadupwardly upon corresponding sides of the several warp threads, retainingthe upwardly inserted loop from withdrawal downwardly, forming a secondloop upon the opposite sides of said several warp threads and insertingsaid second loop through the first-mentioned loop, retaining thesecond-formed loop against withdrawal and releasing the first-mentionedloop, exerting tension upon the tufting thread to draw the first-formedloop into a knot about the base of the secondformed loop, and weavingweft threads into the warp threads in juxtaposition to the knot.

3. A rug comprising a plurality of warp strands, tufting loops extendingupwardly from some of the warp strands, and an integral knot formedabout the base of each of the tufts in juxtaposition tothe warp andknotting the tuft to a single warp'strand.

1. A rug comprising a plurality of tufts composed each of two upwardlyextending adjacent yarn extremities, and a knot integral with one onlyof such extremities formed as an extension from one side of the tuft100p knotted about the adjacent bases such tufting threads and embracingthe warp of both such extremities. thread.

5. A rug comprising a plurality of warp In testimony whereof I aflix mysignature threads, tufting threads extending upwardly in presence of awitness. V

5 from some of the warp threads, and a loop integral with one only ofthe tufting threads SAMUEL KROSS' formed as an extension from one sideof the loop forming a knot about the base of both Witness ROBERT T.LANG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

